Art of War 5.16
The Art of War (孫子兵法), Energy 埶篇
紛紛紜紜鬥亂而不可亂也渾渾沌沌形圓而不可敗也
Amid the turmoil and tumult of battle, there may be seeming disorder and yet no real disorder at all; amid confusion and chaos, your array may be without head or tail, yet it will be proof against defeat.
Lionel Giles's notes
形圓, literally “formation circular”, is explained by Li Ch‘üan as 無向背也 “without back or front.” Mei Yao-ch‘ên says: “The subdivisions of the army having been previously fixed, and the various signals agreed upon, the separating and joining, the dispersing and collecting which will take place in the course of a battle, may give the appearance of disorder when no real disorder is possible. Your formation may be without head or tail, your dispositions all topsy-turvy, and yet a rout of your forces quite out of the question.” It is a little difficult to decide whether 鬥亂 and 形圓 should not be taken as imperatives: “fight in disorder (for the purpose of deceiving the enemy), and you will be secure against real disorder.” Cf. I. § 20: 亂而取之.
Character glossary
- 紛fēntangled, scattered; numerous, confused
- 紜yúnconfused; numerous
- 鬥dòuto struggle, to fight, to contend; measu
- 亂luànanarchy, chaos; revolt
- 而érand, and then, and yet; but
- 不bùno, not, un-; negative prefix
- 可kěmay, can, -able; possibly
- 也yěalso, too
- 渾húnblended, mixed; muddy, turbid
- 沌dùnchaotic, confused; murky, turbid
- 形xíngform, shape; to appear; to describe; to
- 圓yuáncircle; circular, round; complete
- 敗bàifailure; to decline, to fail, to suffer
Passages with shared wording
- Zhuangzi On Letting Alone
- Art of War 4.14
- Mencius 3A.4
- Zhuangzi The Universe
- Analects 8.10
- Art of War 9.33
Data: English Wikisource (Public domain texts; transcription CC BY-SA 4.0). Retrieved 2026-10-22.