Analects 10.8
The Analects (論語), BOOK X. HEANG TANG 鄉黨第十
食不厭精、膾不厭細。食饐而餲、魚餒而肉敗、不食、色惡不食、臭惡不食、失飪不食、不時不食。割不正不食、不得其醬不食。肉雖多、不使勝食氣、惟酒無量、不及亂。沽酒市脯不食。不撤薑食。不多食。祭於公、不宿肉。祭肉不出三日、出三日、不食之矣。食不語、寢不言。雖疏食菜羹、瓜祭、必齊如也。
1. He did not dislike to have his rice finely cleaned, nor to have his minced meat cut quite small.
2. He did not eat rice which had been injured by heat or damp and turned sour, nor fish or flesh which was gone. He did not eat what was discoloured, or what was of a bad flavour, nor anything which was ill-cooked, or was not in season.
3. He did not eat meat which was not cut properly, nor what was served without its proper sauce.
4. Though there might be a large quantity of meat, he would not allow what he took to exceed the due proportion for the rice. It was only in wine that he laid down no limit for himself, but he did not allow himself to be confused by it.
5. He did not partake of wine and dried meat bought in the market.
6. He was never without ginger when he ate.
7. He did not eat much.
8. When he had been assisting at the prince's sacrifice, he did not keep the flesh which he received overnight. The flesh of his family sacrifice he did not keep over three days. If kept over three days, people could not eat it.
9. When eating, he did not converse. When in bed, he did not speak.
10. Although his food might be coarse rice and vegetable soup, he would offer a little of it in sacrifice with a grave, respectful air.
Character glossary
- 食shífood; to eat
- 不bùno, not, un-; negative prefix
- 厭yànto dislike, to detest; to reject; to sat
- 精jīngessence, germ, spirit
- 膾kuàiminced meat, minced fish
- 細xìfine, detailed; slender, thin
- 饐yìspoiled, rotten, sour
- 而érand, and then, and yet; but
- 餲àispoiled, sour, moldy
- 魚yúfish
- 餒něifamished, hungry, starving
- 肉ròumeat; flesh
- 敗bàifailure; to decline, to fail, to suffer
- 色sècolor, tint, hue, shade; beauty, form; s
- 惡èbad, evil, wicked; to hate, to loathe; f
- 臭chòuto reek, to smell, to stink
- 失shīto lose; to make a mistake, to neglect
- 飪rèncooked food; to cook until well-done
- 時shítime, season; period, era, age
- 割gēto cut, to divide, to partition; to cede
- 正zhèngstraight, right, proper, correct, just,
- 得déto obtain, to get, to acquire; suitable,
- 其qíhis, her, its, their; that
- 醬jiàngsauce, paste, jam
- 雖suīalthough, even though
- 多duōmuch, many, multi-; more than, over
- 使shǐcause, mission, orders; envoy, messenger
- 勝shèngvictory; to excel, to truimph
- 氣qìair, gas; steam, vapor; anger
- 惟wéibut, however, nevertheless; only
- 酒jiǔwine, spirits, liquor, alcohol
- 無wúno, not; lacking, -less
- 量liàngmeasure, volume; amount, quantity
- 及jíto extend; to reach; and; in time
- 亂luànanarchy, chaos; revolt
- 沽gūto buy and sell; of inferior quality
- 市shìcity, town; market, fair; to trade
- 脯púdried meat; preserved fruits
- 撤chèto omit; to remove; to withdraw
- 薑jiāngginger
- 祭jìto sacrifice to, to worship
- 於yúat, in, on; to, from; alas!
- 公gōngfair, equitable; public; duke
- 宿sùto stop, to rest, to lodge; constellatio
- 出chūto go out, to send out; stand; produce
- 三sānthree
- 日rìsun; day; daytime
- 之zhīmarks preceding phrase as modifier of fo
- 矣yǐparticle of completed action
- 語yǔwords, language; saying, expression
- 寢qǐnto sleep, to rest; bedroom
- 言yánwords, speech; to speak, to say
- 疏shūto neglect; to dredge, to clear away; la
- 菜càivegetables; order, dish; food
- 羹gēngsoup, broth
- 瓜guāmelon, gourd, squash, cucumber
- 必bìsurely, certainly; must; will
- 齊qíeven, uniform, of equal length
- 如rúas, as if, like, such as, supposing
- 也yěalso, too
Passages with shared wording
- Mencius 5B.3
- Zhuangzi Autumn Floods
- Zhuangzi Man Among Men
- Zhuangzi The Secret of Life
- Mencius 1A.3
- Zhuangzi The Circling Sky
Data: English Wikisource (Public domain texts; transcription CC BY-SA 4.0). Retrieved 2026-10-22.