Art of War 12.16
The Art of War (孫子兵法), The Attack By Fire 火攻篇
故曰明主慮之良將修之
Hence the saying: The enlightened ruler lays his plans well ahead; the good general cultivates his resources.
Lionel Giles's notes
As Sun Tzŭ quotes this jingle in support of his assertion in § 15, we must suppose 修之 to stand for 修其功 or something analogous. The meaning seems to be that the ruler lays plans which the general must show resourcefulness in carrying out. It is now plainer than ever that 修 cannot mean “to reward.” Nevertheless, Tu Mu quotes the following from the 三略, ch. 2: 霸者制士以權結士以信使士以賞信衰則士疏賞虧則士不用命 “The warlike prince controls his soldiers by his authority, knits them together by good faith, and by rewards makes them serviceable. If faith decays, there will be disruption; if rewards are deficient, commands will not be respected.”
Character glossary
- 故gùreason, cause; happening, instance
- 曰yuēto speak; to say
- 明míngbright, clear; to explain, to understand
- 主zhǔto own; to host; master; host; lord
- 慮lǜanxious, concerned, worried
- 之zhīmarks preceding phrase as modifier of fo
- 良liánggood, virtuous, respectable
- 將jiāngthe future, what will be; ready, prepare
- 修xiūto study; to repair; to decorate; to cul
Passages with shared wording
- Art of War 12.22
- Tao Te Ching Chapter 54
- Mencius 3B.1
- Zhuangzi The Circling Sky
- Zhuangzi Hsü Wu Kuei
- Tao Te Ching Chapter 16
Data: English Wikisource (Public domain texts; transcription CC BY-SA 4.0). Retrieved 2026-10-22.