Tao Te Ching Chapter 16
第16章
致虛極,守靜篤。萬物並作,吾以觀復。夫物芸芸,各復歸其根。歸根曰靜,是謂復命。復命曰常,知常曰明。不知常,妄作凶。知常容,容乃公,公乃全,全乃天,天乃道,道乃久,沒身不殆。
The (state of) vacancy should be brought to the utmost degree, and that of stillness guarded with unwearying vigour. All things alike go through their processes of activity, and (then) we see them return (to their original state). When things (in the vegetable world) have displayed their luxuriant growth, we see each of them return to its root. This returning to their root is what we call the state of stillness; and that stillness may be called a reporting that they have fulfilled their appointed end.
The report of that fulfilment is the regular, unchanging rule. To know that unchanging rule is to be intelligent; not to know it leads to wild movements and evil issues. The knowledge of that unchanging rule produces a (grand) capacity and forbearance, and that capacity and forbearance lead to a community (of feeling with all things). From this community of feeling comes a kingliness of character; and he who is king-like goes on to be heaven-like. In that likeness to heaven he possesses the Tao. Possessed of the Tao, he endures long; and to the end of his bodily life, is exempt from all danger of decay.
English: James Legge (1891), The Tâo Teh King, Sacred Books of the East vol. 39 (1891) — public domain. Chinese: Wang Bi recension (王弼本), commentary removed.
Character glossary
- 致zhìto send; to present, to deliver; to caus
- 虛xūfalse; worthless, hollow, empty; vain
- 極jíextreme, top; final, furthest, utmost; p
- 守shǒuto defend, to guard, to protect; to cons
- 靜jìngstill, quiet, motionless, gentle
- 篤dǔdeep, serious; genuine, sincere, true
- 萬wànten thousand; innumerable
- 物wùthing, substance, matter; creature
- 並bìngto combine, to annex; also, what's more
- 作zuòto make; to write, to compose; to act, t
- 吾wúI, my, our; to resist, to impede
- 以yǐaccording to; so as to; because of; then
- 觀guānto observe, to spectate; appearance, vie
- 復fùagain, repeatedly; copy, duplicate; to r
- 夫fūman, husband; worker; those
- 芸yúncommon rue; diverse, varied
- 各gèindividual; each, every; all
- 歸guīto return, to go back; to return to, to
- 其qíhis, her, its, their; that
- 根gēnroot, basis, foundation
- 曰yuēto speak; to say
- 是shìto be; indeed, right, yes; okay
- 謂wèito call, to say, to tell; name, title; m
- 命mìnglife; destiny, fate, luck; an order, ins
- 常chángcommon, general, normal; always, frequen
- 知zhīto know, to perceive, to comprehend
- 明míngbright, clear; to explain, to understand
- 不bùno, not, un-; negative prefix
- 妄wàngabsurd, foolish, ignorant; rash, reckles
- 凶xiōngculprit; murder; bad, sad
- 容róngappearance, looks; form, figure; to cont
- 乃nǎithen; really, indeed, after all
- 公gōngfair, equitable; public; duke
- 全quánwhole, entire, complete; to preserve
- 天tiānsky, heaven; god, celestial
- 道dàomethod, way; path, road
- 久jiǔlong ago; a long time
- 沒méinot, none, gone; to bury; to sink, to dr
- 身shēnbody, torso; person; pregnancy
- 殆dàialmost, probably; danger, peril; to enda
Similar passages
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Data: English Wikisource (Public domain texts; transcription CC BY-SA 4.0); Chinese Wikisource (Public domain texts; transcription CC BY-SA 4.0). Retrieved 2026-10-22.