Mencius 6B.14
Mencius (孟子), Book 6, Part II: Gaozi II 告子下
陳子曰:「古之君子何如則仕?」孟子曰:「所就三,所去三。迎之致敬以有禮,言將行其言也,則就之;禮貌未衰,言弗行也,則去之。其次,雖未行其言也,迎之致敬以有禮,則就之;禮貌衰,則去之。其下,朝不食,夕不食,飢餓不能出門戶。君聞之曰:『吾大者不能行其道,又不能從其言也,使飢餓於我土地,吾恥之。』周之,亦可受也,免死而已矣。」
The disciple Chen said, 'What were the principles on which superior men of old took office?'
Mencius replied, 'There were three cases in which they accepted office, and three in which they left it. If received with the utmost respect and all polite observances, and they could say to themselves that the prince would carry their words into practice, then they took office with him. Afterwards, although there might be no remission in the polite demeanour of the prince, if their words were not carried into practice, they would leave him. The second case was that in which, though the prince could not be expected at once to carry their words into practice, yet being received by him with the utmost respect, they took office with him. But afterwards, if there was a remission in his polite demeanour, they would leave him. The last case was that of the superior man who had nothing to eat, either morning or evening, and was so famished that he could not move out of his door. If the prince, on hearing of his state, said, "I must fail in the great point, that of carrying his doctrines into practice, neither am I able to follow his words, but I am ashamed to allow him to die of want in my country;" the assistance offered in such a case might be received, but not beyond what was sufficient to avert death.'
Character glossary
- 陳chénto display, to exhibit; to plead; surnam
- 子zison, child; seed, egg; fruit; small thin
- 曰yuēto speak; to say
- 古gǔold, classic, ancient
- 之zhīmarks preceding phrase as modifier of fo
- 君jūnsovereign, ruler, prince, monarch, chief
- 何héwhat, why, where, which, how
- 如rúas, as if, like, such as, supposing
- 則zérule, law, regulation; grades
- 仕shìofficial; to serve in the government
- 孟mèngfirst in a series; great, eminent
- 所suǒplace, location; "that which", a particl
- 就jiùjust, simply; to go to; to approach, nea
- 三sānthree
- 去qùto go away, to leave, to depart
- 迎yíngto welcome, to receive, to greet
- 致zhìto send; to present, to deliver; to caus
- 敬jìngto respect, to honor; respectfully
- 以yǐaccording to; so as to; because of; then
- 有yǒuto have, to own, to possess; to exist
- 禮lǐcourtesy, manners, social customs
- 言yánwords, speech; to speak, to say
- 將jiāngthe future, what will be; ready, prepare
- 行xíngto go, to walk, to move; professional
- 其qíhis, her, its, their; that
- 也yěalso, too
- 貌màocountenance, appearance
- 未wèinot yet; 8th terrestrial branch
- 衰shuāiweak, feeble; to decline, to falter
- 弗fúnot, negative
- 次cìorder, sequence; second, next; one after
- 雖suīalthough, even though
- 下xiàbelow, underneath; inferior; to bring do
- 朝cháoto face; direct, facing; dynasty; mornin
- 不bùno, not, un-; negative prefix
- 食shífood; to eat
- 夕xīevening, night, dusk; slanted
- 飢jīhungry, starving; hunger, famine
- 餓èhungry; greedy
- 能néngcan, may; capable, full of energy
- 出chūto go out, to send out; stand; produce
- 門méngate, door, entrance, opening
- 戶hùdoor; family
- 聞wénnews; to hear, to smell; to make known
- 吾wúI, my, our; to resist, to impede
- 大dàbig, great, vast, high, deep
- 者zhěthat which; they who; those who
- 道dàomethod, way; path, road
- 又yòuand, also, again, in addition
- 從cóngfrom, by, since, whence, through
- 使shǐcause, mission, orders; envoy, messenger
- 於yúat, in, on; to, from; alas!
- 我wǒI, me, my; our, us
- 土tǔsoil, earth; items made of earth
- 地deearth, ground, soil; land, region; struc
- 恥chǐshame, humiliation; ashamed
- 周zhōuZhou dynasty; circumference
- 亦yìalso, too; likewise
- 可kěmay, can, -able; possibly
- 受shòuto receive, to get, to accept; to bear
Passages with shared wording
- Zhuangzi On Declining Power
- Mencius 2B.2
- Zhuangzi Hsü Wu Kuei
- Zhuangzi Robber Chê
- Zhuangzi Man Among Men
- Zhuangzi The Circling Sky
Data: English Wikisource (Public domain texts; transcription CC BY-SA 4.0); Chinese Wikisource (Public domain texts; transcription CC BY-SA 4.0). Retrieved 2026-10-22.