Mencius 2A.7
Mencius (孟子), Book 2, Part I: Gong Sun Chou I 公孫丑上
孟子曰:「矢人豈不仁於函人哉?矢人唯恐不傷人,函人唯恐傷人。巫匠亦然,故術不可不慎也。孔子曰:『里仁為美。擇不處仁,焉得智?』夫仁,天之尊爵也,人之安宅也。莫之禦而不仁,是不智也。不仁、不智、無禮、無義,人役也。人役而恥為役,由弓人而恥為弓,矢人而恥為矢也。如恥之,莫如為仁。仁者如射,射者正己而後發。發而不中,不怨勝己者,反求諸己而已矣。」
Mencius said, 'Is the arrow-maker less benevolent than the maker of armour of defence? And yet, the arrow-maker's only fear is lest men should not be hurt, and the armour-maker's only fear is lest men should be hurt. So it is with the priest and the coffin-maker. The choice of a profession, therefore, is a thing in which great caution is required. Confucius said, "It is virtuous manners which constitute the excellence of a neighbourhood. If a man, in selecting a residence, do not fix on one where such prevail, how can he be wise?" Now, benevolence is the most honourable dignity conferred by Heaven, and the quiet home in which man should awell. Since no one can hinder us from being so, if yet we are not benevolent - this is being not wise. From the want of benevolence and the want of wisdom will ensue the entire absence of propriety and righteousness;-- he who is in such a case must be the servant of other men. To be the servant of men and yet ashamed of such servitude, is like a bowmaker's being ashamed to make bows, or an arrow-maker's being ashamed to make arrows. If he be ashamed of his case, his best course is to practise benevolence. The man who would be benevolent is like the archer. The archer adjusts himself and then shoots. If he misses, he does not murmur against those who surpass himself. He simply turns round and seeks the cause of his failure in himself.'
Character glossary
- 孟mèngfirst in a series; great, eminent
- 子zison, child; seed, egg; fruit; small thin
- 曰yuēto speak; to say
- 矢shǐarrow, dart; to vow, to swear
- 人rénman, person; people
- 豈qǐwhat; how
- 不bùno, not, un-; negative prefix
- 仁rénbenevolent, humane, kind
- 於yúat, in, on; to, from; alas!
- 函háncorrespondence; a case, a box
- 哉zāifinal exclamatory particle
- 唯wéionly; sole
- 恐kǒngfearful, apprehensive; to fear, to dread
- 傷shāngto injure, to harm; wound, injury; to fa
- 巫wūwizard, sorcerer, witch, shaman
- 匠jiàngartisan, craftsman, workman
- 亦yìalso, too; likewise
- 然ráncertainly; naturally; suddenly
- 故gùreason, cause; happening, instance
- 術shùskill, art; method, technique; trick
- 可kěmay, can, -able; possibly
- 慎shèncautious, prudent
- 也yěalso, too
- 孔kǒngopening, hole, orifice; great
- 里lǐunit of distance equal to 0.5km; village
- 為wèito do, to act; to handle, to govern; to
- 美měibeautiful, pretty; pleasing
- 擇zéto select, to choose
- 處chùto reside at, to live in; place, locale;
- 焉yānwhy? where? how?; strange; thereupon, th
- 得déto obtain, to get, to acquire; suitable,
- 智zhìwisdom, knowledge, intelligence
- 夫fūman, husband; worker; those
- 天tiānsky, heaven; god, celestial
- 之zhīmarks preceding phrase as modifier of fo
- 尊zūnto honor, to respect, to venerate
- 爵juénoble; a feudal rank or title
- 安ānpeaceful, tranquil, quiet
- 宅zháiresidence, dwelling, home; grave
- 莫mòcannot; do not; is not; negative
- 禦yùchariot; to drive, to ride; to manage
- 而érand, and then, and yet; but
- 是shìto be; indeed, right, yes; okay
- 無wúno, not; lacking, -less
- 禮lǐcourtesy, manners, social customs
- 義yìright conduct, propriety; justice
- 役yìservant, laborer; service; to serve
- 恥chǐshame, humiliation; ashamed
- 由yóucause, reason; from
- 弓gōngbow; curved, arched
- 如rúas, as if, like, such as, supposing
- 者zhěthat which; they who; those who
- 射shèto shoot, to eject, to emit
- 正zhèngstraight, right, proper, correct, just,
- 己jǐself, oneself; personal, private; 6th he
- 後hòuafter; behind, rear; descendants
- 發fāto issue, to dispatch, to send out; hair
- 中zhōngcentral; center, middle; amidst; to hit
- 怨yuànto blame, to complain, to hate; enmity,
- 勝shèngvictory; to excel, to truimph
Passages with shared wording
- Analects 4.1
- Mencius 4A.7
- Zhuangzi The Identity of Contraries
- Zhuangzi Tsê Yang
- Mencius 4A.10
- Zhuangzi The Old Fisherman
Data: English Wikisource (Public domain texts; transcription CC BY-SA 4.0); Chinese Wikisource (Public domain texts; transcription CC BY-SA 4.0). Retrieved 2026-10-22.